Improvement in power-loom



yERASTUS B. BIGELOW, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 86,805, lated Fbr'zm/ry 9, 1869.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making prt o f the' sama.

"nig and disengaging the driving-pulley with the driving-shaft, whereby the usual loose pulley may be dispensed with, andl a loom or other machine may he easily put in motion and quickly stopped, without straining the driving-belt, or heavy shocks to the machinery.

Anotherpart r latcsto a n iode'of' imparting a reversed movement to the looni, to put it in any desired position. i

Another. part relates to a mode of shipping and unshipping the loom, whereby the driving-pulley is connected and disconnected with the driving-shaft, the brake for arresting the movement ot' the loom is applied and released, and the mechanism for reversing the movement ofthe loom Vis brought into action.

Another part relates to a mode of unshipping the loom, and of arresting its movement when the shuttle fails to enter the shuttle-box.-

Another part relates to a mode of stoppingthe loom when the filling is unsupplied.

Another part relates to a mode of operating the leaves of heddles, or harnesses.

Another part relates to a mode of governing the order of succession in which the shuttles are to be thrown.

Another part relates to a mode of governing the action of the mechanism which changes the shuttleboxes; and

Another part relates to a mode of letting off the warps, and of regulating their tension.

The drawings clearly represent my improvements, and suoli parts of a power-loom as are necessary to illustrate them.

Figure l is a iront-elevation;

Figure 2, a rear elevation;

Figure 3, a right-hand end elevation;

4Figure 4, a left-hand end elevation;

Figure 5 is a horizontal section, taken belon7 the line A15 on lig-1;

Figure (i, a transverse section, looking toward the right-hand end 'of the loom Figure 7 is a similar section, looking toward the leftliand end of' the loom; and i Figures 8, S), 10, 11, 12, 13,14, 15, 16,17, 18,119, V20,

21,'and 22, are views of detached parts, which will be4 speciallyreterred to in other parts ofthe specification.

A A represent the trame-work ofthe loom; B, the breast-beam 5 and c, the race-beam of the lay, which receives motion from the lay-shaft, d, in the usual manner.

The iirst part oi' my invention, or that which relates to the mode of engaging and disengaging the drivingpulley with the driving or lay-shaft, is as follows:

A wheel, which may be a brake-wheel, is axed to the driving-shaft, on which the driving-pulley turns loosely, when the loom -is at rest.

To engage and disengage the driving-pulley with the driving-shaft, to move or to stop the loom, two frictionlevers are employed, which are curved to conform to the surface of the rim of the driving-pulley, and vibrate on studs projecting from the arms of the brake-wheel, on opposite sides of the driving-shaft.

A toggle-joint is formed between these two frictionlevers, b v two lever-arm the inner ends of which ply` in a mortise in the driving-snafu Y l1roni`this mortise to the end of the driving-shaft, ahole is formed, in which a rod slides, which ,'rod is connected, at its inner end, with fthe 'lever-arms, and at its outer en'd with an elbow-lever, which is actuated by the loom-shipper.

The details of this apparatus are shown in figs. 8,9, l0, 11, 12, 13, and 14.

The driving-pulley e, which has a thick rim, to act as a balance-wheel, turns loosely on the driving or layshaft d, andthe brake-wheel f is fast -on the lay-shaft d.

g are two fiiction-levers, which vibrate on the 'studs h, on opposite arms ofthe wheel f.

are springs, affixed to the wheel f, Which act on the leversg, and constantly tend to draw them away from the inner 'surface of the driving-pulley c.

j are 1ever-arms,the outer ends o'fvwhich are-inserted in cavities, suitably` formed in the sides of the frictionlevers g, whilst their inner ends abut together, and, when moved, act on the principle of a toggle-ji'iint.

The abutting ends may either be made to correspond to arcs `of circles, struck from the opposite ends of the levers', or they may be otherwise curved to increase or diminish the extent of motion imparted to the levers g, when moved through equal arcs.

They ply in a mortise, h', in the lay-shaft d, and are actuated by the sliding rod l, which slides endwise in a hole, which is also formed in the lay-shaft d.

The lever-armsj are connected with the sliding rod Z, by thc projections Im, which ply in the recess n, iu the side of the sliding rod l, (though I sometimes form this connection by inserting the abuttingends of the lever-arms j in a mortise formed in the sliding rod l,

as represented in fig. 12,) so that vwhen the sliding rod Z is pressed inward toward the brake-wheel by theA shipper, as will be hereafter explained, it sets the lever-arms like a toggle-joint, presses the friction-levers against the rim of the driving-pulley, and starts the loom, and when'it is'witlidrawn, it loosens the leverarms, or toggle-jointdiscngages the friction-levers, and stops the loom.

When the toggle-joint is set, both friction-levers .will simultaneously, and with equal pressure, be pressed against the inner surface of the driving-pulley. The force with which they are pressed against the drivingpulley may be regulated by adjusting the length ol" one of the arms, which, for this purpose, is provided with an adjusting-screw and nut, o.

The outer surfaces of the friction-levers, which are Vpressed against the inner circumference of the driving-pulley, I prefer to cover with leather, or copper, to obtain a good friction-surface, though they may be otherwise prepared. 1n driving looms for light work, I sometiies dispense with the friction-levers y, and canse the outer ends of the leVer-armsj to press directly against the rim ofthe driving-pulley, in which ease the ou'ter ends ofthe levcr-arrnsy are kept in position by guide-stands, extending from the arms of the brake-wheel; and instead of causing the lever-arms y' to vibrate lengthwise of the shaft, I sometimes tit them to the mortise L, so as to iill it, and make the inner end of the sliding rod Z, wedge-ibrmed, which, when pre.' ed between the. inner ends of the lever-armsj, will 'cause them to press the friction-surfaces against the rim of thc driving-pulley.

When.wrought-iron lay-shafts are used, l sometimes make the part on which the driving-pulley turns, and in which the recesses or openings for the toggle-joint and sliding rod are formed, separately from the other part of the shaft,and of cast-iron, by which means it may be easily shaped.

The cast part of the shaft maybe cast with the brakewheel, or it maybe cast with a flange or disk, and bolted to the hub'ofthe-'brake-wheel, as represented in horizontal section in iig. S.

Another object of this part of my invention is to facilitate the lubrication of the driving-pulley, and for this purpose I form a groove in the side oi" the part of the driving-shaft on which the driving-pulleyturns, and till it with woollen cloth, or other elastic material, capable of containing a reserved supply of oil, or other lubricating-materiall, and of gradually delivering it to the bearing-surface of tho driving-pulley by'contaet therewith, and connect the groove with an opening in the outer end of the shaft, in such manner that the supply of oil may be replenished while the driving- ,pulley is in motion.

This arrangement is shown infie'. 10, in which 1) represents the part of the lay-shaft on which the driving-pulleyturns; q, the groove, with the-cloth, or other material, for containing a reserved supply of oil; and jr, a hole in the collars, through which the oil is introduced to the groove q, the collars serving also to keep the driving-pulley in position.

Another part of my invention, or the mode of reversing the movement of the loom, may be understood as follows: i

In the reversing-motions heretofore applied to looms, the gear which receives motion from the pinion or gear on the driving-pulley, is supported by fixed stands, and revolves continually, Whenever the pulley 'whiclrdrives it revolves.

This part of my invention consists in giving to the reversing-mechanism a condition independent ofthe moving parts of the loom, so that it shall be in motion only when the loom is being moved backward, and be .at rest at all other times.

For this purpose a gear or friction-roller is atlixed to the hub of the driving-pulley, or to the hub ofthe loom-pulley, in case a fast and loose pulley are used, and another gear, though of larger diameter, is atfixed to the driving or lay-shaft, or to the brake-wheel, as may be most convenient.

A vibrating bar, or carriage, capable of moving toward and from the driving-shaft, carries a gear or friction-roller, suitably formed to engage `with the beforementioned gearor friction-roller, on thedriving-pulley, which gear or friction-'roller acts on another gear, on

ries another gear, suitably formed to engage with the behre-mcntioned gear on the driving or lay-shaft, the whole ofthe intermediate gea-rs being carried and supported by the beibre-mentioned vibrating bar or earriage, in such relation to'th'e beIbre-mentioned gears on vthe driving-pulley and driving-shaft, that wlienever the vibrating bar or carriage is moved toward the driving-shaft, the gears on the driving-pulley and drivingshaft engage with their respective intermediate gears, and impart a backward movement to the loom, so long as they are thus held in contact, and when the vibrating bar or carriage is moved away from the-driving or lay-shaft, far enough to draw the gears ont of contact, the reve/rsing-meehanism ceases to act, and remains at rest until the motion of the loom is to beagain reversed.

Different views-of a reversing-apparatus, thus arranged, are given in '1, 2, 3, and 5.

tis the gear, or lfriction-roller, on the hub of the drivin g-pulle) c, wh ich,when the reversing-action tal; es place, acts on the gear or friction-roller u,wl1icl1 revolves on the stud 1:, and carries the gear yw, which engages with and turns the gear on the outer end of the axis y, which a.\'is, on its inner end, carries the gear s, which engages with and turns the gear a, on the brake-wl'icelf, before described.

The axis 1/ is supported by two arms, b, which eX- tend upward from a tube, c, which oscillates on a stud, d, and the stud yl: is supported by a bar, el, the forward end of which is jointed to one of. the arms, b', whilst its rear end, being fork-shaped,,embraces and is supported by the huh of the driving-pulley c.

From this description it will be obvious that when the tube c is turned on the/stud d, so as to move .the bar e toward the driving or lay-'shaft d, the reversing-gears will bc brought into action and when it is tnrnedin the opposite direction, they will be separated, and the reversing-action cease.

The arm j", which extends mvard fromthe tube c', is actuated hy the weaver to throw the reversingmechanism into and out of action, in a manner to be hereafter explained.

Another feature of this part of my invention is represented in 9, and consist-s in employing the driving-belt to turn the reversing-mechanism, instead of a gea-1' or friction-roller aiiixed to the hub of the driving"- pulley, as above described.

In this modified arrangement, the driven frictionroller yu is affixed to the axis y, and to effect the reversing-action, is pressed against the driving-belt, which, being between the friction-roller u and the driving-pulley, imparts motion to the friction-pulley a.

The intermediate gear w, for changing the direction of motion, is placed between the gear s and the gear a', on the brake-wheel.

Another part of my invention, or that which relates to the modeof shipping and unshipping the loom, is as follows:

Two shafts, or axes, are 'applied near the breastbeam, which may extend across the loom, from side to side, and have shipping-haiulleson each end, the first, or shipping-shaft, heilig employed to start the loom, and to operate the brake for arresting its movement, andthe second, or releasing-shaft, being employed -to throw thc loom out of gear, and to release the brake from thel brake-wheel, to allow the loom to be turned without moving the shipper, and also, if a reversingmotion be employed, to bring the reversing-motion into action. This apparatns,'and its connection with the loom, are represented in figs. l, 3, and 5,*bnt it will be more readily understood bythe vdiagram, iig. 15.

g is the shipping-shaft,- and hl, the shipping-handles, by which the weaver turns the shipping-shaft to Start the loom, and t" and j' are stops projecting from the loom-frame, which limit their movement.

which the driving-pulley is placed, has a latch-projection, 1.", anda horizont-al arm, l, for purposes which will be prpscntly explained, and also a depending arm, t

fm', which is connected with the apparatus before described, for connect-ing and disconnecting the drivingpulley with the driving-shaft.

n is an elbow-lever, which vibrates on the stud 0, supported by the stand p, the outer arm of which brk-shapcd, one prong being so formed as to act on the end of the sliding rod I, to press it inward to start the loom, as above explained, whilst the other, flying in the groove g', withdraws the rod Z, and stops the loom.

lhe inner arm of the elbow-lever 1L' is connected with the depending arm ml, by the connecting-rod` r, so that when the shipping-handle h is pushed forward against the stops j, it starts the loom, and when it is drawn back against the opposite stop, i1, it stops the loom.

On one part ofthe shipping-shaft 1/, a coiled spring, s, is placed, one end of which is attached to the loomframe, and the other to an adjusting-collar aiiixed to the shaft, so that the spring constantly tends to turn the shaft in the direction to stop the loom, and will do so whenever the shipping-handle lr is set free.

t is a bent latch-lever, carried by the stud n, the upper arm of which latches on to the latch-projection L", before alluded to, whenever the shipping-'handle hl is moved forward to start the loom, and holds it in posi tion so long as it is desired to keep the loom in motion. Then, when itis desired to stop the loom, the latchlever t' is tripped, and the spring s throws it out of gear, las just explained.

v is a.brakelever, which vibrates on a stud, wl, and is bent to conform to the slnface of the brake-wheel f, on which it acts to arrest the movement of theloom when it'is thrown out, of gear.

:c is a latch-jointed connecting-rod, which connects the brake-lever r1 with the arm Z, before mentioned.

When the shipping-handle h is drawn back against the stop li, to stop the loom, the' arm Z assumes a horizontal position, and causes'the stud y, which connects it with the connecting-rod xl, to draw the brake v firmly against the brake-wheelf. Then, when the shippinghandle h is pushed forward against the stop j, to start the loom, thc stud yI is moved through an arc sulicient to set the brake free from the brake-Wheel.

As it is necessary, sometimes, to release the brake,

f to turn the loom without moving the shipper, the connecting-rod x' is made in two parts, and formed with latch-projections, z, by which they may be disconnected by the releasingshat,to release the Abrake when required.

The releasing-shaft a has three successive actions: rst, it trips the latch-lever, to throw the loom out of gear; secondly, it releases the brake from the brakewheel; and, thirdly, it brings into action the'reversingmotion; and these operations are eected in the following manner: i V

The shaft has affixed to it, at each end, a lever-arm, bf, which extends forward, to enable the weaver to work it conveniently, and the one on the driving-side of the loom is provided with a cam-projection, ci, on its side next to the loom, which acts on a corresponding camsurface, di', on the lower arm ofthe latch-lever t, these cam-surfaces being indicated by dotted lines in 3 and 15. I

lhe shaft also carries another arm, e?, to the end of which a vertical rod, f2, is jointed, inwhich there' are two slots, y2 hi. In the slot g2 is received .a pin carried by the forward part of the connecting-rod :v, and in the slot Il? isl received a pin carried by the arm j" of the reversing-1mechanism, which'has been` already described.

When it is desired to stop the loom, the weaver, by one or the other the lever-arms bi, turns the shaft a2, and causes the cam-projection cz to trip the latchlever t, and throw the loom out of goal'. Then, if itis desired to turn the loonx, for any purpose, the Weaver turns the shaft a2 further, and causesthe lower end of the slot y, acting on its pin, to disconnect the latchproject-ions 5"', and release the bra-kes, which are drawn away from the brake-wheel by the counterltalanceweight jz, and sets the loom free to be turned in either direction. Then, again, if it is desired to reverse the movement of the loom, the weaver turns the shaft a2 still further, and causes the lower end of the slot 7b2, acting on its pin, to raise the arm f, and put the reversilig-mechanism in action.

After the shaft ai has been turned by the weaver, asjust explained, it is brought back to its original p0- sition by the coiled spring t2.

The two parts of the connecting-rod x* are guided, in their proper relation to each other, by the stand k2, whilst the check-nut l2 prevents the couuterbalanceweightj 2 from drawing the latch-proj eetions z out of latebing-position when the shipping-handle hl is moved fbrwardgto start the loom.

I sometimes dispense with the releasing-sbatte, and place the releasing-lever arm, or handle, b, on the shipping-axis, or shaft, gl, and employ the releasinglever arm, or handle, b, to turn the shipping-shaft to throw the loom into gear, instead of mploying separate handles on the shipping shaft fo that purpose.

When the releasing-lever arm or handle is employed to throw the loom into gear, it is made to turn loosely on the shipping-shaft, in the direction in which it is moved yto throw the loom out of gear, release the brake, and bring the reversing-motion into action, and toengage with the shipping-shaft by a latch-connection, when it is moved in the opposilte direction, and so turn the;` shipping-shaft tothrow the loom into gear.

Another part of my invention, or that which relates to the mode of unshipping the loom and arresting its movement when the shuttle fails to enter the shuttlebox, may be understood as follows:

A protecting-rodfui, with the arms 11" for acting on the shuttle-binders, (the shuttle-boxes, being well known, are not represented,) is applied to thelay of the loom in the usual way.

An arm, wg, (see figs. 3, 5, and 6,) isA aixed to the ,y

protecting-rod u, and extends backward from the lay, and has a hooked projection, m2, near its end, on its side next to the loom-frame, as indicated by dotted lines in figs. 8 and 6, which hookedprojection is formed to engage with the hook y2, in the stand z2.

Thestand z2 is aixed to the upright lever a?, which vibrates on the stud b3, and carries a spring, which serves to soften the shock' consequent upon suddenly arresting the movement of the loom.

d" are stops which project from the frame, and serve to limit the movement of the lever a3. r

The stand z is bent round towards the frame, as shownin iig. 5, to support the rear end of the rod e3, the forward end of the rod e3 being connected to the lower arm of the before-mentioned latch-lever t, bya

slot and pin, f, as shown in fig. 16. The object of the slot is to allow the latch-lever t' to be 4tripped by the releasing-shaft without moving the rod e3.

The rod e:5 has a collar, fr, against which the stand z2 strikes, when it throws the loom out of gear, and a spring, qi, -which rests against the collar S7, and draws the rod-c3 into position after it has been thrown forward to stop. the loom by the filling-stop motion, as will be hereafter explained.

The operation of this mechanism is as follows:

When the shuttle properly enters its box, and causes the shuttle-binder to push back one or the other of the arms c?, and thus turn the protecting-rod u2, the end of the arm w2 will be depressed so as to bring its hook, x2, below the hook y2, when the lay advancesto beat up the cloth, and the -looin remains in gear; .but

when the shuttle fails to enter the shuttle-box, and turn the protecting-rod, as just explained, lhe hooi( 1J' will engage with the hook yi, and the lav, by its advancing movement, will draw the lever u loi-ward, against the forward stop d, whiell iorwnrd inovennfnt ot' the lever a, causes the rod c" to trip the latchlever tl, and throw the looln ont ol' gear, whilst the spring cl relieves the torce ot' the shock consequent upon the sudden arresting oi' the looin by the stop di In place of the nietallieI spring e", l sometimes use vulcanized India rubber.

' The next part of in vinvention, or the inode ol' stopp ing the loom when the i'illing is unsupplied, will now be described. j

The fingers which i'eel the thread, are iornled o n the lforvv'ard ends oi" levers j, which are carried by the lav, and jointed, at their rear ends, to the stands rl", their*` heilig one set ot' such lingers at each end ot the lav. These two setsot' fingers are connected together, so as to move in unison, by means oi' the shalt ,/i, which extends from one to the other, below4 the race-benin, and is supported by the stands qi, the arms i", which extend from the shalt, being connected to their respective linger-levers, j, by the rods lli.

To raise the iingersf for the passage ofthe shuttle, an arm, l, extends l'roin the shat'tji, which is actuated by a iixed cam-surtace, m3, projecting lioin the loonlframe.

Another arm, n3, is aiiixed to the shai't j, and eavries a connterbalance-weight at its rear end, while its forward end is suitabljvY t'orined to engage with the hooklilie project-ion o on the rod c bet'ore described, This arrangen'ient is clearly shown in lig. Alt).

As the lay moves forward, after a shuttle has been thrown, the stand 'mi allows the iingers j to i'all by their own gravity, and, if the lilllng is not supplied, the iingers pass through grids p, l'orrned in the upper surface oi" the nice-beam, as shown in iig. 5, and cause the forward end oi' the arin n to rise to a position to engage with the hook-projection c, so that the lay, as

it advances, will move the rod c" forward, trip the latchlever t', and throw the looln out otl gear; but, it the tillingis duly supplied at either end ot' the lay, it will support the fingers, and prevent them from passing through the grids, thereby causing the arm n to pass clear of the projection o, and allow the loom to oontinue inmotion.

rlhe next part ot' my invention, or that which relates to the mode ot' operating the lea-ves of' heddles, or harnesses, may be understood as follows:

The leaves of heddles qf are hung in the loom in the usual way, and the vertical heddlc -levers lr, which op crate them, are placed side by side, in a vertical position, at a side otl the loom, and vibrate toward and from the loom on a central axis, s

he upper bars of the leaves ot' heddles (ji are connected with the. upper arms of the vertical heddlelevers 'ri by cords or vchains 1.3, guided by guide-pulleys a, whilst their' lower bars are connected by cords or chains c3, passing around guide-pulleys w3, to the lower' arms ofthe levers fr", so that, when anyone of the vertical heddle-levers fra is moved in one direction, it will raisethe lcat'of heddles with which itis connected, and, when moved in the opposite direction, it will depress it.

To operate the vertical heddle-levers 1"", two horizontal vibratinghars, w and y, are placed parallel to their axes, near their lower ends, one on either side of the series, which vibrate on axles :3, perpendicular to the cloth-thrilling line, and. open and close, like the blades of shears, at each beat of the lay. When they are closed, they press against the edges ot' the vertical heddle-levers `r, and bring them all to a vertical position, and close the shed of the waff ps 5. and, when opened, they, by means soon to be explained, engage with and draw some of them in one direction, and sorne in another', andy iornran open shed.

By placing the axes :i ot' the vibrating bars 0: and y perpeinlicnlnr to the eloth-tbrniing line, the bars :v3 and i/", when opened, will l'ornr an angle corresponding to the angle oi' the open shed ot the warps; and, by thus moving the several leaves oi' heddles varying distain-es, according to their distance i'roin the cloth-forniing lille, will nialte an even shed,

,lo cause the horizontal .vibrating bars 0: and y to engage with the vertical heddle-levers r", to torln an open shed, horizontal latch-levers a* are. jointed to the lower ends, that is, below the axes oi" the vertical heddle-levers r", just above the horizontal vibrating bars, which Intell-levers are provided at both ends with depending latehes or hooks b", so placed, with respect to the horizontal vibrating bars, as to latch. or hook on to one or the other of them when they are closed, to bring the vertical heddle-levers r into a vertical position, as above explained, the axes oi' the lateh-levers being so placed that only one ot' their latches or hooks can engage with the horizontal vibrating bars at the sanietiine; that'is to say, when one end of the latchlevers is depressed, so as to bring its latch, or hook, into contact with its horizontal vibrating bar, the latch, or hook, on its opposite end will clear the other horizontal bar, and rice rcrsa, and, whether the latches, or hooks, which, raise the heddles, or those which depress them, are brought into action, depends on the direction in which the latch-levers are tilted.

lt will thus be obvious that the leaves of vheddles be caused to rise or fall, in conformity with any desi .-d pattern, by merely raising or depressing the ends oll the latch-levers; and the manner in which this is eli'eeted l willnow describe. j

A series ot' balance-levers, c, correspondingin nurnber with the vertical lieddle-levers i", is placed in a horizontal position on an axis, d, near Vtheaxis sof the levers r", und pai'aiiei'to il.

The inner ends ot' the balancedevers c* are severally connected with the outer ends ofthe latch-levers a" by connecting-rods c, the lower ends of which ar'e jointed to their respective latch-levers af, whilst their upper ends ply in grooves formed in projections j" on the sides of' the vertical heddle-levers r3, and terminate in a hook,A so formed as to hook on to the ends of the balance-levers o, as shown in tig. 17.

Springs j'E act on the balance-levers c", and tend constantly to depress their outer ends, so that, when they arerleft unsupported by the pins ot' the pattern-surface, they will he depressed, and, through the action of the connecting-rods 6*, raise the outer ends of the latchlevers a, and cause the latches if, on their inner ends, to engage with the'hori-zontal vibrating bar 103, and raise the leaves of heddles with which they are connected; but it' the outer ends of the balance-levers are raised, the weight of the rods e* will depress the outer' ends ot' the latch-levers, and cause their latches b* to engage with the horizontal vibrating bar ys, and depress the leaves ot" heddles. Instead of the springs f8, for depressing the balance-levers c, a weight, formed on their outer ends, as represented in iio. 17, may be substituted.

To determine which of the balance-levers c* shall be raised, and which shall be depressed, to cause their lrespective leaves of heddles to rise or fall in conformity with any desired pattern of cloth, a pattern-surface, carrying cani-like projections, is employed, which has imparted toit a continuous rot-ary movement, and is so placed, with respect to the outer ends of the balance-levers c, that, when any of the canvlike projections pass under them, they will be raised, whilst those over the parts oi" the pattern-surface which Ahave no cam-like projections will remain at rest, and thus cause their leaves of heddles to rise or fall accordingly. This patterinsurface may be in .the form of a cylinder, as

, represented in the drawings, or it may consist of a pattern-chain, composed of chain-links, pins, and rollcrs,

carried by a rotating axis, or cylinder, suitably formed to support it.

The pattern-cylinder is marked g, and is carried by an axis, h4, which turns in a long beari1ig,^3", on the stand j", which is so arranged as to leave one end of the cylinder free for the easyremoval and replacing of a pattern-chain.

k* are the cam-like projections on the pattern-cylinder g", which act on similar projections, 1*, on the under side of the bala ce-levers 0*, the projections I" being so shaped that the projections It" will act upon them when the cylinderl y* is turned in either direction.

By connecting the latch-levers with the balance-levers by a loose connection, above described, l am cnabled to give to the patternesurlce a continuous rotary motion, for, by means of this loose connection, the patternsurface may act on the balance-levers, to govern their action Vduring the time the catch-levers are engaged with the vibrating-bars which actuate them. I am also enabled to reverse the motion ofthe loom, to put it in vany desired position, without changing its relation to,,thergharness-motion, for, when lthe loom is turned backward, the pattern-surface turns backward in unison with. it.

Another important feature of this part of my invention, is the reduction of the width of the pattern-surface. Heretofore, the pattern-surface has'been as wide, or nearly as wide as the space occupied by the leaves of heddles and they levers which operate them, whereas, by my improvedarrangement, it need not be more than one-fourth part as wide.

Fig. 5 exhibits a plan of the balance-levers7 ci, and pattern-su1face,whch acts 011 them, the balance-levers being formed as therein indicated; that is to say, their inner ends occupy a space' equal, or nearly equal to the 'space occupied by the leaves of heddles, 'so that-Y theconnecting-rods which connect them with the latchlevers maybe 'in a line with the Vertical heddle-levers, whilst their outer arms are contracted to the space corresponding to the reduced width of the patternsurface, the innerarms of the series of balance-levers on each side ofthe central balance-lever being bent toward the central one.

From this description, it will be seen that the pattern-surface 'may be reduced to any practicable limit, by contracting the arms ofthe balance-levers, on which it acts, in a corresponding degree.

A continuous rotary motion is communicated to thev pattern-surface cylinder g by the upright shaft m, which receives motion from the lay-shaft d, through the mitreegears n.4.

The upright shaft m* is supported by the bea-ringstands o* and 1f, and, through the mitre-gears q, imparts motion to the horizontal shaft lri, which carries a worm, s4, which takes into the gear t, on the axis h4, and turns the cylinder g4.'

The inner end of the horizontal shaft lr4 is supported by the bearing-stand 0*, and its outer end, by another stand, '114, the last-mentioned stand being provided with a slot, to allow the shaft to be raised to disengage the Worm s* from the gear t, to adjust the pattern-cylin der g* when required.

The shaft fr4 is heldin position by an elbow-lever, 1., which may vibrate'on astud, 104, and, when it is in the position shown in the drawings, the lower end of its ifertical arm holds the shaft in gear, but, by tuming it aside, (which the'weaver can easily do by raising its horizontal arn1,) the shaft is free to be raised out of gear. Y

The upright shaft m4 also imparts the required vibratory motion to the horizontal vibrating bars :I:g and ya,V before mentioned. It carries on its lower enda double crank, whose crank-pins are on opposite sides of the shaft, one of the crank-pins, x4, plying in a curved slot in the endl of the horizontal bar, w3, and the other pin, y, in a similar slot in the end of the horizontal bar, ya,

Vare not represented.

so that, ,at cach revolution of the shaft, the horizontal bars, x3 and ya, are caused to open and close, as above described. These parts are clearly shown in iig. 22.

The slots maybe curved, more or less, according to the time it is desired to have the shed of the Warps remain open for the passage of the shuttle.

rlhe horizontal bars, ai and gj, are faced with vulcanized India rubber, 5*, fitted into recesses vformed in their sides, where they come against/the vertical heddIe-levers, 13, so as to ease the blow of the horizontal bars against the levers; and the India rubber also serves as a spring to prevent the latches b4 escaping from the horizontal bars, except at the time when the lndia rubber is compressed by the horizontal bars closing upon the vertical heddle-levers fr", in vtheir central position, at which time the latch-levers c* are shifted. p

rlhe next part of my invention, or that which relates to the mode of governing the order in which the shuttles are thrown, is as follows:

rlwo picker-levers are employed, as is usual, one on either side of the loom, which are marked a5, and vibrate -on Vthe studs 115. Their forward ends maybe connected with the picker-staves .in the usual way, but, as these connections form no part of my invention, they which, when the shuttles are thrown, are acted on by` their respective cams (l5, on the lay-shaft d.

Now, as the cams (l5 are capable of acting on their rollers c5, at each revolution of the lay-shaft al, it will be seen that if the rollers @remain continually in the path of the cams (Z5, the picker-staves at each side of the loom will be actuated simultaneously.

To avoid this, and to enable the picker-levers to be moved in and out of position to be acted upon by their cams, they are made capable of s liding endwise on the studs if", and are guided and supported by the upright oscillating levers e", which are so connected together` by the rod f5 that they move in unison, so that when the rod f5 is moved in one direction, it will push one of the levers ai into position to be acted upon by its cam, and the other lever, a?, out of position to be so acted upon, and vice versa, the length of the rod f5 being so adjusted that only one of the levers a? can be acted upon at the same time.

The mode of pushing the rod f5 to and fro, to cause the shuttles to be 4thrown from either side of the loomin the required order, I will now explain.

A lever, which is marked g5, is placed upon the axis 5', by the side of the vertical heddle-levers frs, before described, and is connected with the rod f5 by another rod, h5. Y

The lever g5 also carries, at its lower end, .a latch-= lever, i5, which is jointed thereto, and connectediwith a balance-lever, j, by the rod It, through a loose con nection, in the same manner as the latch-levers a* are connected with the balance-levers 0*.

The latch-lever 125 has no depending latches or hooks, such as the latch-levers c* have, but the ends thereof engage with the projections Z5, on the horizontal vibrating bars ar* and 1/3, when brought into the required p0- sition to do so.

This form of the latch-lever i5 isrequired, for the reason that the horizontal vibrating bars x3 and 'ya act upon it when they are being closed, Whereas they act on the latch-levers a4, when they are being opened, a variation made necessary by the fact that the pickerlevers have to be moved at a different stage of the operation of the loom from that in Which the shed is formed.

When the inner end of the latch-lever i is depressed, so as to bring it in contact with the projection l5 on the horizontal vibratin g bar x3, the bar mi, where it closes, will push the picker-levers c5 in the direction of the left-hand vend of the loom, and cause theV left-hand picker-lever to'be acted upon by its cam. Then, when the outer end of the latch-lever 'i5 is depressed, so as Theirrear ends carryrollers c",

thrown, it is only necessary to raise or depress the ends of the latch-lever if accordingly.

After the lever g is moved in one direction, the 1ncrtia and friction of the parts connected with it will retain it in position until it is moved in the opposite direction, the lower end of the lever gf' being so ar- -ranged as to clear the horizontal vibrating bars and ya.

The order in which the shuttles are to be thrown is governed byv a pattern-surface carried by the cylinder g, which actson the balance-leverj' in the same manner as the pattern-surface before described acts on the balance-levers c4, though the lpatteru-snrface, which governs the order in which the shuttles are thrown, is placed on the pattern--cylirnler in a position to act on the balance-leverj"l atan earlier stage of the operation of the loom than the pattern-suriiice, which governs the action of the leaves of heddles, acts on the balancelevers c, on account of the difference in the relative time in which the shuttles and leaves of heddles are to be actuated.

By placing the pattern-surface, which. governs the order in which the shuttles are thrown, on the saine axis or cylinder which carries' the pattern-surface which governs the action of the leaves of heddles, I amenabled to operate them both by one movement, and thus to simplify the mechanism of the loom, and also to adjust them together by one action, whenever they require to be adjusted to restore the pick after it has been lost by the failure ofthe filling, or by the picking out of had cloth.

The next part of my invention, or that which relates to the mode of governing the action of the mechanism which shifts the shuttle-boxes, I will new describe.

mi represents an oscillating shaft, which extends across the leoni, and carries, at each of its ends, an arm, if'.

The arms a5 extend forward. and are bent, as shown by dotted lines in iig. 5, so as to bring their ends into a suitable position to he attached to the shuttle-boxes, which may be done by rods or chains in thc usual way.

The shuttle-boxes, and the means by which they are connected with the arms j ust described, are not represented, as they form no part of my present invention.

The shaft in carries another arm, of", which is bent to clear the stand p', and carries a roller, p, which rests on a cam, qi.

The cam Q5 turns on a stud, frf', and-has affixed to it two ratchet-wheels, u, with their teeth facing in opposite directions, and a brake-wheel, si, on which the brake-lever t acts, to hold it in position.

The cam g5 is formed with rising and falling surfaces, with concentric parts, at varying distances from its centre, equal to the motion .required to be given to the arm ol5 to shift the shuttle-boxes. l

At each change of the shuttle-boxes, the cam q is turned in one or the other direction equal to the space of atoth of the ratchet-wheels a5, amlrcmains at rest4 during the time the sh uttle-box thus brought into action is to be employed, and until another change of boxes is required. r

The cam g5 raises the shuttle-boxes and allows then to fall by their own gravity, the shuttle-boxes rising or fallin g, according to the shape of the cam, and the direction in which it is turned.

The mode of governing the action of the cam q", or any other mechanism which may be employed to shift the shuttle-boxes, to ydetermine the orderin which the shuttle-boxes are to be brought into use, is as follows:

A horizontal lever, which is marked fc5, vibrates at its ibrward yend on a stud, w, while to its rear end two dejiiending bars are jointed, the lower ends of the depending` bars :c5 being provided with hooks suitably formed to engage with the teeth of the ratchet-wheels a, before described.

rI'hc horizontal lever if has a-n arm, -lf, extending downward from it, which rests on a cam, 2"', on the layshaft d, which cam is so shaped as to raise the lever during the part of the revolution of the lay-shaft in which it is required to change the shuttle-boxes, and to descend during the other part.

As the lever `c5 vibrates, it carries the depending `hars up and down with it.

a are lever-arms, which oscillate on the stud b, and are provided with recesses, in which the depending bars :vl ply, and by which they are guided, the weight of the depending bars ai" causing them to rest againstthe bot-- tom of the recesses. y

e0 are T- formed balance-levers, which oscillate on a stud, el, their rear horizontal arms being provided with counter-balaiice-weights, which tend to depress them until they strike the stop-pin er.

The depending arms of the T- balance-levers o are connected to their respective lever-arms a@ by connecting-rods f, one being attached above the axis b, and thc other below it, in order that the counterbalanceweights j 11st mentioned may tend to draw both of the bars a away from their respect-ive ratchet-wheels, fui;

and, so long as the rear arms of the T-formed balancelevers c'i rest on the stop-pin c", their counterbalanceweights hold the hooks of the bars x out of contact with their ratchet-wheels, and they ascend without acting upon them; but, when either ofthe counterbalance-` weights is raised, they turn the lever-arms a, so as' to allow the bar af", with which it is connected, to move,

by its gravity, towards its ratchet, u, and to engage with itwhen it ascends, and turn it the space of one tooth, and change theshuttle-boxes.

The forward arms of the T-forined balance-levers ci are, respectively, connected with the inner arms of otherhorizontal balance-levers, y, which vibrate on the stud di, and have their outer arms formed with camlike projections, like the balance-levers c", beforedescribed.

From this description, it will be seen that, when either l of the outer arms ofthe horizontal balance-levers gG is raised, it will cause the bar a?, with which it is connected, to engage with its ratchet-wheel, and change the shuttle-boxes; but, so long as they remain unraise'd, the bars x will vibrate without producing such change, 'so that, to cause the shuttle-boxes to be changed in the order required, it is only necessary to raise the l outer arms of the balance-levers y accordingly.

i This is eiiected by a pattern-surthce, with cam-like projections, which acts 'on the projections on the balance-levers g in the same manner as the pattern surface, which governs thcl action of theleaves of heddles, acts on the projections of the balance-levers c.

The pattern-surface, which governs the shifting of the shuttle-boxes, is carried by thc same axis-cylinder, g, which also carries the pattern-sm'faces which govern the order in which the shuttles are thrown, and in which the leaves of heddles rise and fall, so that the three pattern-surfaces move together in unison, whether the loom is turnedforward or backward, and may all be adjustedby one action.

Though the three pattern-surfaces are all carried by one axis-cylinder, I prefer to make the pattern-chain which governs the action of the leaves of heddles separate from the chains which govern the order in which the shuttles are thrown, and in which4 the shuttle-boxes `are changed; but the two last named may be conveniently joined together.

The next part of my invention to be described relates to the mode of letting o" the warps, and of governing their tension.

hs is the warp-beam, from which the warps, when being woven, pass, over a vibrating roller, through the heddles, to the breast-beam of the loom, in the usual' its outer end terminates in the form of a segment.

The horizontal lever-arm n carries a pawl, o, which is jointed to it, and acts on and turns the ratchet-wheel fm, when it is vibrated.

A' horizontal lever, p?, vibrates, at its forward end, on the stud w", before mentioned, whilst vits rear end is connected with the segment of the lever-arm a by a strap, qc. l

The lever 3p has an arm, which extends downward, and rests on the cam r, on the lay-shaft d, which Cam vibrates the lever p, and causes the pawl o*i to turn the ratchet fm, and is so shaped aste allow it to descend, to renew its hold on the ratchet, whilst the shed is open, and the warps are at rest.

The degree of motion which the cam frs imparts to `the lever p6 should be sufficient to deliver out the required length of warps on an empty warp-beam; but it will be seen that, if the lever p were allowed to descend, and turn the warp-beam a given distance at each vibration, it would deliver out the warps unequally; that is, the greater the diameter of thewarps on the warp-bealn, the greater wonvhlbe their length Igiven out. To govern the extent of the vibrations of the lever p", and thus causeit to deliver only the length of warpsrequired to make' 'the cloth-being woven, a vibrating roller, s, over which the warps pass, is made to vibrate to their tension.

The `vibrating roller" sy is carried, at each end, by levers t", which vibrate on studs a, extending from stands c, which are aixed, in a manner to be adjustable, to the frameof the loom. l v

The rear arms of the levers t receive and support the gudgeons ofthe vibratingr roller s6, whilst their rear ends terminate in segments of gears, which engage with pinions w, on a tension-shaft, 1:6.

The tension-shaft x extends across the loom, from .side to side, and is supported by bearings formed in the stands fue, which carry the studs u, sothat, when necessary, allthe parts of the apparatus may be adjusted together.

'When thel warps are taken from the vibrating roller s, the segment-gears will have a tendency to become disengaged from their pinions, to prevent which, slots y are formed in the segment-arms of the levers t6, in which projections z, extending from the stands v6, ply, and limit their motion. l

Around the tension-shaft af a spiral spring, c7, is coiled, one end of which is afixed to one of the projections z, and the other, to an adjusting-collar, lf, which is aflixed to'the tension-shaft ai, the tendency ofthe spring a7 being in the direction to raise the vibrating-rollers? and tighten the warps, and as the spring al is adjusted, so will be' the tension of the warps.

The tension-shaft@G carries an elbow-lever, c7, the upright arm of which is formed, on one of its edges, with one ora series-of steps, dl, the series gradually in creasing in distance from a radial line toward its axis, and thefhorizontal level' 1J, before mentioned, has a projection, c?, on its side, suitably formed'to rest on the steps d when they are brought under it.

The hub of the elbow-lever c7 is so fitted lto the shaft a that it may turn freely upon it, but the elbow-lever c7. is held in a position-to oscillate in unison with the tension-shaft, by the Weight 0f its horizontal arm,.which draws it against a stop-projection, f', affixed to the tension-shaft x6. vBut if, from any cause, the shaft :v5 is turned so. as to bring the steps di forcibly against the projection e7, the tension-shaft :UG will turn in the hub of the lever c7, and injury to the parts be prevented.

For convenience of construction, l sometimes. change the position ofthe parts just described, so as to have the arm of the elbow-ley ci c7, which carries the steps dl, extend downward from t le tension-shaft al", instead of upward, as iecresented in the drawings. Its regulating-effect, l owever, is the same in both cases.

lt will be seen, from what has been stated, that the spring a? tends to keep the warps at a given tension, and that the lever p, if allowed to vibrate at each beat of the lay, to the extent of the movement of its cam r6, will give out a greater length'A of warps than is re- -quired, but the delivery ofthe warps is governed and adapted to the requirementsl of the cloth being woven, as follows:

Vhen more warps are given out than are taken up in the cloth, the length of the warps between the warpheam and the cloth will be proportionately increased, and allow the spring a? to turn the tension-shaft x6, and raise the vibrating roller ss, and when fewer warps are given out than are required, their diniinished length will depress the vibrating roller s6, and turn the tension-shaft :r6 in the opposite direction; and when the tension-shaft .fue turns the elbow-lever c?, so as to bring some one of the steps d? under the projection el, it will arrest the downward movement of the lever p6, and limit its action on the yarn-beam; then, when the turning ofthe tension shaft x withdraws the steps d" away, from the projection el, the lever p will descend a greater distance, and havea greater action on the yarn-beam, so that the length of warps given out at each beat of vthe lay will be governed by the position ofthe steps di, as governed `by the condition of the warps themselves.

Except when weaving the lighter fabrics, the action of the spring al will not be sufficient to resist the blow of the lay in beating up the cloth, and to give increased rigidity at the time of the beat-up, an arm, 97, is aflixed to the tension-shaft x6, and extends downward, and has a rod, 717, jointed to it, which extends forward, and is supported by the stand 4?,- afxed to the lay.

jl is a cylindelyof vulcanized India rubber, the position of which on the rod h7 is adjusted, to give the required resistance, by the adjusting-nuts k7.

When the lay moves forward to beat up the cloth, the stand il strikes against one end of the rubber cylinder or buffer j, whilst its other end rests against the adj usting-nuts k7, thus causing the rod h? to hold the vibrating roller s6 sufficiently firm to resist the beat-up, the spring-action ofthe rubber cylinder or buffer adapting the degree of resistance to the varying position of the vibratin g roller and tothe varying texture of the cloth and size of the filling, such as occur in the weaving of fabrics like ingrain carpeting.

Anotherl feature of this part of my invention relates to a mode of gradually diminishing the tension of the warps when the shed is opened, and of gradually increasing it when the shed is closed, and vto a degree sufcient to'resist the blow of the ,lay in beating up the cloth, the means by which these results are accomplished being represented in gs. 19 and 20.

The tension-shaft af has -coiled around it aspiral spring, lf", one end of which is attached to an adjustingcollar, onT,-which is affixed to the tension-shaft, whilst the other end is attached to the hub of an arm, 71,7, which turns loosely onthe tension-shaft.

The arm ai is connected with the lay by a connectv ing-rod, o?, 'so adjusted, with respect to its length, that when the lay moves forward to beat up the cloth, it will draw the end of the arm u forward, and tighten, that is, increase the action of the spring Z7, and thereby increase the tension ofthe wai-ps, and, when it is moved backward, it will slacken the tension of the sprin g and diminish the tension of the warps.

The action of the spring is so adjusted that, when it is slackened by the baclnvard movement ofthe lay, it will give the required degree of tension to the warps when the shed is open; then, as the lay is moved iorward, and the shed is closed, thefincreased action thus given to theV spring will increase thc tension of the wal-ps, so as to resist the blow ot' thc lay in beating up the cloth.

This mode of gradually diminishing the tension of the warps as the shed is opened, and otincreasing it when the shed is closed and the cloth -beat up, avoids all unnecessary strain upon them, and is highly advantageous .in working such as are tender and eamil y broken.

Having thus fully described my invention, and pointed out some ofthe modifications of which it is suscepti-l ble, without departing from its distinguishing principles,

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The rod vibrating endwise in acentral hole in the driving-shaft, in combination with the actuating-lever arms, carried by the driving-shaft, and the friction-snrt'aces, which are pressed against the rim of the drivingpulley, and released theretiom, substantially as speci- Afied, for the purpose ot' engaging and disengaging the driving-pulley .and driving-shaft. s 2. Also, the combination ot' the mechanism, herein described, for stopping and starting power-looms, consisting of a driving-pulley, which turns loosely on the driving-shaft when the loom is at rest, friction-surfaces carried by the driving-shaft, a rod capable oi vibrating endwise in a central hole in the driving-shaft, and the loom-shipper, by which the said rod is moved in one direction to press the friction-surfaces against the riln oi' the driving-pulley to start the loom, and in the opposite direction to stopthe loom. V

3. Also, in combination with a driving-pulley, which is engaged and disengaged with the driving-shaft by friction-surfaces, actuated by a sliding rod, as herein specified, the ,means herein described of lubricating the driving-pulley, consisting of a groove formed'in the side ot' thc driving-shaft, iilled with cloth, or other elastic absorbent material, for containing and imparting,r a reserved supply of oil, or other luinicating-material, as described.

4. Also, in' combination '.with a driving-pulley revolving continuously in one direction, and having mechanism by which it may be engaged with and disengaged fromthe driving-shaft, the mechanism herein described for producing the reverse motion of the driv-' ing-shaft, substantially as set forth.

5. Also, a vibrating lever, in combination with a loom-shipper, a brake for arresting the movement of' the loom when thrown out of' gear, and a reversingmechanism, for reversing the movement of the loom,

when said lever is employed, tirs't, to throw the loom out of gear, second, to release the brake and set tht` loom free, and third, to bring a reversing-lnecha-nisln into action, substantially as described.

6. Also, the combination ot mechanism, herein dcscribed, for arresting the movement ofthe loom when the shuttle fails to enter the shuttle-box, consisting o1" a lever, and a spring interposed between it and a hxed stop, a rod by which the lever releases the shippingshaft, and a hook, on which a hook on the projecting rod acts, to bring the lever into action, substantially inthe manner and for the purpose specitied.

7. Also, the combination of mechanism, herein described, for stopping the loom when the iilling is unsupplied, consisting of' grids formed at each end of the race-beam in its upper surface, two sets of fingers, which feel the thread on the grids, a shaft by which the two sets of fingers are connected together, a fixed cam by which the lingers are raised torthe passage of the shuttle, and all arm, which acts on a rod to throw the loom out oi' gear, subst-antially'as specified.

S. Also, the `latch-levers, combining with the balance-levers by nieans of a loose connection, whereby the lxxttern-surtacc may act on the balance-levers during tie time thc latch-levers are engaged with the vibrating bars which actuate them, and whereby the pattern-surface may have a continuous rotary motion, substantially as described.

L. Also, the combination of mechanism, herein described, t'or operating the leavesot' heddles, consisting of' the vertical heddle-levers with which the leaves of vheddles are connected, the horizontal vibrating bars bination with the vertical heddle-levers, so as to form an even shed, as above speciiied.

l1. Also, in combination with vibrating bars, that operate a series ot' heddle-levers,the elastic cushions, that serve to ease their action on the levers on which they act, and retain the latch-levers in proper connection with the bars, as above described.

12. Also, the series ot' balance-levers, constructed as described, and acted on by the pattern-surtce, within a narrow space, as compared with that occupied by the leaves of heddles, so that a comparatively narrow patterii-surtaee may be einployed, as above described.

13. Also, the combination of mechanism, herein described, i'or governing the order of succession in which the shuttles are thrown, consisting of a lever placed at a side of the series ot' heddle-levers, and so connected with picker-levers as to cause them to vibrate in unison with it, a latch-lever, acted on by the closingmovement ot' the -vibrating bars which actuate the heddle-levcrs, a balance-lever, which is connected with the latch-lever by'a connecting-rod, or 'other equivalent loose connection, and` a pattern-sm'face which acts on the balance-levers', substantially as and for the purpose described.

14. Also, the combination of mechanism, herein described,for governing the action ofthe mechanism which shifts the shuttle-boxes, consisting of a continuouslyrevolving pattern-sm'tace, acting on balance-levers, and

` the parts which connect the balance-levers with the mechanism which shifts the shuttles, whereby the governing-action of the continuonsly-rotatin g pattern-surface is transmitted to the mechanism which shifts the shuttle-boxes, substantially as described.

l5. Also, in combination, the mechanism for governing the rising and falling oi the leaves of heddles, for governing the order ot' succession in which the shuttles are thrown, and the mechanism for shifting the shuttle-boxes, when the same are actuated by pins on one pattei'1i-cylinder, substantially as described.

16. Also, the combination'of meehanism,hercin described, t'or giving. tension to the warps, consisting of the vibrating roller over which the warps pass, the tension-shaft, and spring, or its equivalent, which gives tension. to the wai-ps, the levers, which, carry the vibrating roller, and the' pinions which -connect them with the tension-shaft, when these parts are supported by stands above the yarn-beam, and caused to co-operate, in the manner and for the purpose specified.

17. Also, in combination with a tension-shaft, arranged and operated to give tension to the vfarps, as

herein described, a lever, provided with one or more steps, and operated to govern the delivery of the warps, substantially as described.

18. Also, in combination with a, tensionshaft, arranged and operated to give tension to the warps, as herein described, the'xneans, herein described, of giving -rmness to the vibrating roller at the time of the beat-up, consisting of an arm aixed to the tensionshaft, and connected. with the lay and a spring or rubber buffer, upon Whih the lay acts to hold the vibrating roller, in the manner and for the purpose described.

19.v Also, in combination with avibrating roller, over which the warps pass, a spring-arrangement, whereby the tension of the wai-ps is gradually diminished whilst 

